Launders na yumbu
Launders na yumbu
Gabatarwar Samfur
Mai wanki shine kawai tashar da ke jagorantar abubuwa - slurry, maida hankali, wutsiya, ko sinadarai - daga kayan aiki ɗaya zuwa na gaba. A cikin masana'antar sarrafa ma'adinai, masu wanki suna ɗaukar ma'adinan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci daga sel masu iyo. A cikin tsire-tsire masu shirye-shiryen kwal, suna tashar magnetite matsakaici da slurry na kwal. A cikin masana'antar sinadarai, suna sarrafa ruwa mai lalata da kuma gauraye masu lalata.
Matsalar ita ce, waɗannan kayan sun lalata kayan wanki na karfe da sauri. Barbashi masu ɓarna suna goge ƙasa da tarnaƙi. Sinadarai masu lalacewa suna ci ta ƙarfe mara kariya. Mai wanki yana haɓaka ramuka, ɗigogi, da sifofi marasa daidaituwa. Production yana shan wahala. Ma'aikatan kula suna faci da maye gurbinsu, faci da maye gurbinsu.
Tecera's yumbu masu layi na wanki suna warware wannan ta hanyar haɗa manyan fale-falen alumina masu yawa zuwa saman ciki na wankin. yumbura yana ɗaukar lalacewa. Tsarin karfe yana tsayawa daidai. Sakamakon haka shine wankin da zai ɗauki shekaru maimakon watanni - tare da daidaiton kwarara, ƙarancin ɗigogi, da kiyayewa da ake iya faɗi.
Ga mai siyar da kaya, wannan yana nufin samar da mafita mai ƙima wanda masana'antar hakar ma'adinai da sarrafa su ke buƙata da gaske.
Babban Halayen
Abubuwa huɗu sun ƙayyade ko mai wanki mai layi na yumbu zai yi wa abokin cinikin ku.
Sanya juriya a inda ya fi dacewa.Ƙasan mai wanki yana ganin mafi yawan ɓarna- abubuwan nunin faifai tare da shi akai-akai. Ƙananan bangon gefen kuma suna ɗaukar mahimmancin lalacewa, musamman a lokacin lanƙwasa da fitowar mutane. Daidaitaccen ƙarfe ko roba mai layi na wanki suna sanye da rashin daidaituwa, masu tasowa da ƙananan tabo waɗanda ke canza yanayin kwarara. Tecera's alumina yumbu rufin, tare da taurin Mohs 9, yana tsayayya da wannan zamewar abrasion fiye da karfe ko roba.
M kwarara surface hana ginawa.Rufaffen lullubi ko saman tare da fallewar kusoshi yana haifar da tashin hankali da kama wuraren da abun ya taru. Da zarar ginawa ya fara, yana rage tashar, yana hanzarta kwarara, kuma yana ƙara lalacewa. Fitaccen fale-falen fale-falen yumbu yana haifar da ƙananan juzu'i, kiyaye kayan yana tafiya cikin sauƙi.
Haɗin haɗin gwiwa yana kawar da hanyoyi masu lalacewa.Jetting na ruwa ko slurry kwarara yana samun gibi kuma yana lalata manne. Shigar da tayal na gargajiya sau da yawa yana barin giɓin layi madaidaiciya waɗanda ke zama tashoshi na lalacewa. Tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare na Tecera yana hana ci gaba da gibi - kowane haɗin gwiwa an daidaita shi, don haka babu wata hanya ɗaya da ke tafiyar da tsawon wanki.
Juriya na lalata ga m slurries.Kwakwal slurries sau da yawa acidic (pH 4-5). Chemical shuka taya na iya zama karfi alkaline. Karfe lalata. Rubber yana kumbura ko yayi laushi. Ceramic ba shi da aiki. Tsarin alumina mai ƙanƙara, ƙarancin porosity (shar ruwa ƙasa da ko daidai da 0.01%) baya sha ko amsa tare da waɗannan ruwaye.
Material, Tsari da Kerawa
Abun abun ciki.Rufin ya ƙunshi manyan tayal yumbura na alumina - yawanci 92% ko 95% Al₂O₃. Waɗannan fale-falen fale-falen suna da taurin Mohs 9, girma mai girma Yafi ko daidai da 3.63 g/cm³, da shayar ruwa ƙasa da ko daidai da 0.01%. Don aikace-aikacen tasiri mafi girma, ana samun fale-falen fale-falen ZTA (zirconia ‑ toughened alumina) tare da taurin karaya da ya wuce 5.0 MPa·m¹/².
Tsarin wanki.An ƙera harsashi na waje daga ƙarfe mai laushi (yawanci kauri 6-10 mm), an ƙirƙira shi cikin bayanin martabar tashar da ake buƙata - rectangular, trapezoidal, ko siffar U-dimbin yawa. An haɗa fale-falen yumbura zuwa saman ciki ta amfani da mannen epoxy mai ƙarfi. Haɗin shine duka sinadarai (epoxy yana manne da ƙarfe da yumbu) da injina (manne yana cika rashin daidaituwa).
Tsarin sarrafawa.An ƙera harsashin wanki zuwa girman abokin ciniki da bayanin martaba. Ana shirya saman ciki - yashi mai fashewa ko ƙasa don cire tsatsa, sikeli, da mai. Fale-falen yumbu sun bushe da farko don duba dacewa da alamar kowane yanke na al'ada. Epoxy-bangare biyu an gauraye (yawanci 2:1 ko 4:1 rabo) kuma ana amfani da shi a saman launder (ba tayal baya ba). Ana danna fale-falen buraka cikin wuri, yana tabbatar da cikakken lamba. Rarraba tsakanin fale-falen fale-falen an kiyaye su kaɗan ( ƙasa da ko daidai da 1 mm) kuma a jujjuya su don guje wa ci gaba da sutura. Bayan cikakkiyar magani (awanni 24 a digiri 25), ana bincika rufin don babu komai ko fale-falen fale-falen.
Abin da ke bambanta Tecera.Yawancin rufin wanki suna amfani da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka waɗanda aka ɗora a cikin tsarin grid, suna haifar da raƙuman layi madaidaiciya tare da hanyar gudana. Wadannan gibin sun zama tashoshi na zaizayar kasa. Shirye-shiryen kabu na Tecera, haɗe tare da fale-falen trapezoidal inda ake buƙata, yana kawar da ci gaba da lalacewa. Bugu da ƙari, muna ba da sifofin tayal na al'ada don canja wurin wanki, fitowar jama'a, da akwatunan rarraba - wuraren da daidaitattun fale-falen za su bar manyan gibi.
Ƙididdiga na Fasaha
Tebur 1 - Abubuwan da aka saba da tile na alumina don suturar wanki
| Dukiya | 92% Alumina | 95% Alumina | Babban darajar ZTA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abubuwan da ke cikin Al₂O₃ (%) | Yafi ko daidaita 92 | Yafi ko daidaita 95 | 70–80 |
| Yawan yawa (g/cm³) | Mafi girma ko daidai da 3.63 | Mafi girma ko daidai da 3.68 | Yafi ko daidaita 4.00 |
| Sha ruwa (%) | Kasa da ko daidai da 0.01 | Kasa da ko daidai da 0.01 | Kasa da ko daidai da 0.01 |
| Mohs taurin | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Taurin karaya (MPa·m¹/²) | 4.60 | 4.65 | 5.0–6.5 |
| Ƙarfin sassauƙa (MPa) | Yafi ko daidai da 240 | Yafi ko daidai da 250 | Yafi ko daidai da 400 |
Tebur 2 – Daidaitaccen bayanan martaba da girma
| Bayanan martaba | Yawan faɗin (mm) | Matsakaicin zurfin (mm) | Karfe (mm) | Kaurin yumbu (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Murabba'i mai siffar murabba'i | 300–1200 | 300–800 | 6–10 | 6–25 |
| Trapezoidal | 400-1500 (saman), 300-1200 (kasa) | 300–800 | 6–10 | 6–25 |
| U- siffa | 300–1000 | 300–600 | 6–10 | 6–25 |
Ana samun bayanan martaba na al'ada da girma. Ana iya ba da kayan wanki tare da ƙoƙon ƙonawa, haɗin spigot, ko ƙarshen fili don waldawar filin.
Amfanin Samfur
1. Tsawon rayuwar wanki yana nufin ƙarancin maye gurbin
Domin rufin yumbura na alumina yana da taurin Mohs 9 - ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfe (Mohs 5–6) - barbashi masu ɓarna suna zamewa akansa ba tare da yanke cikin saman ba. A cikin wanki na kwal inda karfe zai iya lalacewa a cikin watanni 12-18, wankin yumbu mai liyi yana ɗaukar shekaru 5-7. Don ma'adinan da a baya ya maye gurbin masu wanki na karfe kowace shekara, wannan bambancin yana nufin 5-6 ƴan maye gurbin rayuwa a rayuwar shuka. Kowane musanya yana kashe aiki, raguwar lokaci, da kayan aiki. Abokin cinikin ku yana adanawa sosai akan kulawa.
2. Tsage-tsalle masu tsauri suna hana tashoshi na zaizayar ƙasa
Fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka a cikin grid suna barin giɓin layi madaidaiciya tare da hanyar gudana. Jetting na ruwa ko slurry kwarara yana samun waɗannan gibin kuma yana lalata manne da ke ƙasa. Da zarar mannen ya tafi, fale-falen su kwance kuma su faɗi. Shirye-shiryen kabu na Tecera - ta amfani da fale-falen trapezoidal inda ake buƙata - yana tabbatar da cewa babu tazarar ci gaba da ke gudana fiye da tsawon tayal ɗaya. Don flotation launder sarrafa abrasive jan hankali maida hankali, wannan sauki canji iya ninka sabis na rufin. Abokin cinikin ku yana samun ƙarin lokacin aiki; kuna samun ƙarancin da'awar garanti.
3. Babu shigar ruwa, babu lalacewa-narkewa
Ruwan da ke ƙasa da 0.01% yana nufin yumbu ba ya sha ruwa ko danshi. A cikin ciyawar da ake girka kwal inda slurry ɗin ke da acidic, tayal mai laushi zai sha wannan acid kuma ya raunana daga ciki. A cikin tashar wutar lantarki a cikin yanayi mai daskarewa, damshin da ke sha zai daskare ya fasa tayal. Fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen Tecera yana kawar da yanayin gazawar biyu. Ga abokin ciniki tare da masu wanki a waje a cikin yankuna masu sanyi, wannan yana da mahimmanci - ƙarancin raunin hunturu don damuwa.
4. Smooth surface inganta kwarara da kuma rage ginawa
Fuskar yumbu da aka goge (ƙananan Ra ƙasa da ko daidai da 0.8 μm) yana haifar da ƙaranci. Abu yana gudana da sauri tare da ƙarancin tashin hankali. Ginawa a gefuna da kusurwoyi an rage girmansa. A cikin wankin wutsiya mai ɗanɗano, slurry mai kyau, wannan na iya nufin bambanci tsakanin kwararar tsabtace kai da tsaftace hannu na mako-mako. Ga ma'aikacin shuka, wannan yana nufin ƙarancin aiki da ƙarancin toshewa. A gare ku, yana nufin samfurin da ke magance ciwon kai na yau da kullum.
5. Juriya na lalata ga mahallin sinadarai masu haɗari
A cikin masana'antar sinadari mai sarrafa acid ko maganin alkaline, ƙarfe ya lalata. Rubber yana kumbura ko yayi laushi. Ƙaƙƙarfan yumbun alumina ba shi da ƙarfi - ba ya amsa da yawancin sinadarai. Don masana'antar sarrafa phosphate inda slurry ke da acidic, mai wanki na karfe na iya buƙatar sauyawa kowane watanni 6-8 saboda lalata. Wurin wanki mai layi na yumbu yana aiki tsawon shekaru. Abokin cinikin ku yana adana farashin kayan aiki da lokacin hutu. Kuna samun suna don samfuran da ke aiki a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.
Mahimman kalmomi: fa'idodin alumina launder, sawa mai juriya flotation, fa'idodin tashar yumbu mai layin slurry
Yanayin Aikace-aikacen - Misalan Masana'antu na Gaskiya
Ma'adinai aiki - flotation cell launders
A cikin na'urar tattara tagulla, sel masu iyo suna samar da kumfa wanda ke kwararowa cikin masu wanki. Wannan slurry mai da hankali yana ƙunshe da ɓangarorin ma'adinai masu kyau amma masu lalata. Kasan wanki da bangon gefe suna ci gaba da ci gaba. Ma'adanan ma'adinai guda ɗaya a Chile ta maye gurbin masu wankin ƙarfe kowane watanni 9-12. Bayan shigar da Tecera yumbu launders, masu wanki iri ɗaya sun yi aiki sama da shekaru huɗu. Tsarin fale-falen fale-falen ya hana yazawar kabu, kuma shimfidar yumbura mai santsi ya ci gaba da mai da hankali yana gudana cikin walwala.
Coal shiri - magnetite matsakaici launders
Wata shukar kwal a West Virginia tana amfani da matsakaitan guguwa don raba kwal da shale. Slurry magnetite yana sake zagayawa ta hanyar wanki tsakanin guguwa da magudanar ruwa. Wannan slurry ne duka abrasive (daga magnetite) kuma dan kadan acidic (pH 5-6). Masu wankin Karfe sun sami ɗigogi a cikin watanni 8. Tecera's yumbu masu layin wanki, wanda aka girka tare da magudanar ruwa da kuma ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, sun yi tafiya har tsawon lokacin sanyi guda uku ba tare da gazawa ba - da suka tsira duka biyun harin sinadari da kuma daskarewar hawan keke.
Masana'antar sinadarai - phosphoric acid slurry launders
Wani shuka taki a Florida yana samar da phosphoric acid ta hanyar amsa dutsen phosphate tare da sulfuric acid. Sakamakon slurry yana da matuƙar abrasive (daga barbashi dutsen da ba a yi ba) kuma mai ƙarfi acidic (pH 1-2). Masu wankin Karfe sun lalace a cikin watanni 4-6. Masu wanke-wanke na roba sun ɗauki watanni 8-10 amma suna buƙatar faci akai-akai. Tecera ya ba da 95% alumina liyi launders tare da epoxy resistant acid. Bayan watanni 14 na ci gaba da aiki, rufin ya nuna ƙananan lalacewa kawai, ba tare da lalacewa ba. Masana'antar ta yi kiyasin masu wankin yumbu za su ɗauki shekaru 4-5 - haɓaka mai ninki 6 akan ƙarfe.
Zubar da wutsiya - akwatunan rarraba wanki
Wani ma'adinin zinari a Nevada yana amfani da hanyar sadarwa na masu wanki don rarraba wutsiyar wutsiya daga mai kauri zuwa wuraren ajiya da yawa. slurry ya ƙunshi lallausan siliki masu kaifi. Ƙaƙƙarfan wankin da aka yi amfani da su a kowane watanni 6-8. Tecera's yumbu masu layi na wanki, tare da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen 25 mm a cikin manyan wuraren sawa da fale-falen fale-falen 12 mm a wani wuri, sun shafe watanni 22 suna gudana ba tare da lalacewa mai aunawa a ƙasa ba. Zane-zanen kabu da aka yi ya kawar da ci gaba da tsagi wanda a baya ya haifar da gazawar da wuri a haɗin tayal.
Ƙarfafa wutar lantarki - masu wanke toka
Wata masana'antar wutar lantarki ta kwal a Ohio tana amfani da ruwa don yayyafa tokar ƙasa daga tukunyar jirgi zuwa kwandon shara. Tushen ash yana da zafi (digiri 80-100) kuma yana da ƙura sosai. Karfe launders dade 12-18 watanni. Itacen ya canza zuwa masu wanki masu layi tare da babban zafin jiki epoxy (ƙididdigar zuwa digiri 230). Bayan shekaru uku, rufin ya kasance cikakke. Kamfanin ya kawar da maye gurbinsu na shekara-shekara daga tsarin kula da su.
Karfe niƙa – sinter shuka slurry launders
Injin niƙa na ƙarfe a China yana sarrafa ruwan ƙura mai ƙura - cakuɗen ruwa, ɓangarorin ɓarke mai kyau, da ragowar acid. An maye gurbin tsarin wanki a kowace shekara saboda haɗuwa da lalata da lalata. Tecera ta samar da ZTA yumbu masu liyi masu wanki (zirconia-toughened alumina) don ingantacciyar juriya. Fale-falen fale-falen suna da alaƙa da epoxy mai jurewa. Bayan watanni 18, binciken ya nuna babu raguwar tayal da ƙarancin lalacewa. Niƙa ya daidaita akan masu wanki na Tecera don duk aikace-aikacen sarrafa slurry.
Oda da Tallafawa
Tecera yana ba da kayan wanki na yumbu a cikin bayanan martaba da girma, tare da 92%, 95%, ko ZTA tiles alumina. Ana iya ba da masu wanki a matsayin cikakken taro (harsashi + yumbu mai rufi) ko azaman kayan rufi don shigar da filin cikin harsashin wanki.
Don neman fa'ida, da fatan za a ba da:bayanin martaba na launder (rectangular, trapezoidal, U-siffar), faɗin ciki da zurfin ciki, tsayin da ake buƙata, kayan da ake amfani da su (nau'in ƙura, pH slurry, zafin jiki), da ƙididdige ƙimar shekara-shekara. Don ayyukan sake fasalin, da fatan za a samar da zane ko girman rukunin yanar gizo.
Ana samun farashi mai yawa don masu siyar da kaya. Samfuran kyauta na tayal yumbu da mannewa suna samuwa don gwaji. Lokacin jagora don ƙirƙira wanki na al'ada shine makonni 4-6. Muna jigilar kaya a duk duniya tare da marufi-fitarwa. Lokacin amsa buƙatun ƙira yawanci kwanakin kasuwanci ne biyu.
Mahimman kalmomi: Ƙaƙwalwar Layin yumbu, Mai ƙirƙira alumina trough, sanye da mai ba da kayan wanki, farashin yumbu flotation launder
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